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　　閉(bi)口(kou)(kou)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)是指注入口(kou)(kou)和透(tou)氣(qi)口(kou)(kou)孔(kong)徑不(bu)(bu)大于(yu)7cm的(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)（也稱非移動頂鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)） , 廣泛用于(yu)盛裝(zhuang)液體狀態的(de)化工、石油、食(shi)品等產(chan)品的(de)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)包(bao)裝(zhuang)。在液體危險貨物(wu)(wu)的(de)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)中，更離不(bu)(bu)開閉(bi)口(kou)(kou)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)。按照ZBA870012-88《海運出(chu)口(kou)(kou)危險貨物(wu)(wu)包(bao)裝(zhuang)檢(jian)(jian)驗規(gui)程-性能檢(jian)(jian)驗》及GB325-91《包(bao)裝(zhuang)容器-鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)》的(de)要求， 鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)桶(tong)的(de)出(chu)廠檢(jian)(jian)驗和型式檢(jian)(jian)驗均需進行氣(qi)密試驗。

　　一(yi)、現(xian)(xian)行(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)及其(qi)缺(que)陷 現(xian)(xian)行(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有兩種(zhong)(zhong)，第(di)(di)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是按ZBA870012-88 和GB325-91的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求進行(xing)(xing)，具體方(fang)(fang)法(fa)是： 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)設(she)備：空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)(ji)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)表，減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣數(shu)量：三(san)個。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣準(zhun)備：在(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)頂部(bu)(bu)(bu)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)，接(jie)上進氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管。(GB325-91 規定(ding)：“在(zai)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上鉆(zhan)一(yi)孔(kong)(kong)，固定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)表，旋緊桶(tong)(tong)(tong)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)封(feng)閉注入口，然后(hou)與(yu)空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)連(lian)接(jie)，保證連(lian)接(jie)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)良好)。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)：將(jiang)(jiang)被(bei)(bei)(bei)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)包(bao)裝浸入水中，向包(bao)裝內充氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，使(shi)包(bao)裝內部(bu)(bu)(bu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)達到規定(ding)值。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)控制方(fang)(fang)法(fa)不(bu)得(de)影(ying)響(xiang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有效性，觀察是否滲漏(lou)。也(ye)可使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)等效的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。 上述的(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)常被(bei)(bei)(bei)商檢(jian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)危險貨物包(bao)裝周期檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)和行(xing)(xing)業(ye)統檢(jian)所采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)鐵桶(tong)(tong)(tong)廠(chang)家，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)作(zuo)為出廠(chang)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目需進行(xing)(xing)全數(shu)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，但(dan)第(di)(di)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)由(you)(you)于其(qi)對(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)破壞性(“包(bao)裝頂部(bu)(bu)(bu)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)”或“在(zai)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上鉆(zhan)一(yi)孔(kong)(kong)”)以及檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)速(su)度(du)慢不(bu)適(shi)應流水作(zuo)業(ye)而(er)不(bu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)生(sheng)產企業(ye)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。目前鐵桶(tong)(tong)(tong)廠(chang)家普遍用(yong)(yong)(yong)第(di)(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)進行(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，具體方(fang)(fang)法(fa)是： 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)設(she)備：氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)式檢(jian)漏(lou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(配(pei)有壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)表)。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)量：全數(shu)。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣準(zhun)備：鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)(you)生(sheng)產線滾入檢(jian)漏(lou)工位，檢(jian)漏(lou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)兩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)盤將(jiang)(jiang)鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂和底部(bu)(bu)(bu)緊緊夾持在(zai)中間。 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)：打開(kai)檢(jian)漏(lou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)控制閥，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通過壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)盤中心的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸入口進入鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)噴淋或人工涂刷皂液，觀察焊縫、卷邊有無漏(lou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起泡現(xian)(xian)象。 第(di)(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，由(you)(you)于對(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)無損傷，檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)速(su)度(du)快，不(bu)影(ying)響(xiang)生(sheng)產而(er)被(bei)(bei)(bei)鐵桶(tong)(tong)(tong)廠(chang)家作(zuo)為鋼(gang)(gang)桶(tong)(tong)(tong)出廠(chang)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。

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